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(Source: Science and Technology Daily  )

　　In the past "March 8" International Women's Day, major online shopping platforms have launched promotions, women often buy goods - laundry detergent and other concessions in the category.

　　Nowadays, laundry supplies are constantly being renovated, and when washing clothes, not only do you have to put the "main ingredient" - laundry detergent, but also many "ingredients", such as anti-dye tablets, fragrance beads, softener, etc.

　　So, are these products an IQ tax or "black technology"? What exactly do they do? How to use it to make the most of its effectiveness?

　　In response to these questions, Science and Technology Daily reporter interviewed the relevant experts to solve your problems one by one.

　　Anti-dye tablets: powerful adsorption function to lock the "escape" dye

　　Clothes staining is a headache, a little careless, light-colored clothing will not escape the fate of dark-colored clothing staining. In recent years, a product called anti-dye tablets online shopping platform has become popular, the merchant said it is a new auxiliary laundry tools, can avoid dye particles attached to other clothing. However, is it really that good?

　　"Anti-dye tablets, also known as anti-stringing laundry detergent sheets, can prevent clothes from stringing and losing color when laundering, and it is made of adsorbable materials." China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation Beijing Chemical Research Institute senior engineer Zeng Jia in an interview with Science and Technology Daily, this looks ordinary small white cloth piece, in fact, "has a great skill".

　　First of all, the anti-dyeing piece uses the anion and cation adsorption principle commonly used in the chemical field. With cotton fiber, animal fur, artificial leather, polyester fabric and other materials made of clothing, before the factory will be more than chemical dyes dyed. If these clothes are decolored in the washing, the surface of the dye in the water will have anions, while the surface of the anti-dye sheet has cations, a combination of anions and cations, can prevent the shed dye "pollution" of other clothing. Secondly, the anti-dye sheet is mostly similar to the loose, porous structure of activated carbon, for acrylic and other fabrics commonly used cationic dyes, but also has a certain adsorption effect.

　　"Anti-dye tablets with these two skills have a strong adsorption capacity and can quickly adsorb the dye molecules released by many colors of fabrics during washing, thus avoiding the adsorption of shed dye molecules by other clothes." Zeng Jia added that before laundering, it is best to read the product description of the anti-dye tablets and put in sufficient amount of anti-dye tablets according to the number of clothes to be washed to ensure its full effect.

　　The fragrance beads: nano-level microcapsules lasting release of fragrance

　　Many women today feel that laundry should not only be clean, but also fragrant. But laundry detergent alone is difficult to do this, so the fragrance beads came out of nowhere.

　　Zeng Jia said that the fragrance beads is a commonly used laundry supplies, it can make clothes in the wash after the lasting fragrance.

　　"The main ingredients of the fragrance beads are fragrance essential oils and microcapsules. Most of the clothing fiber surface in the washing will be with anions, while the surface of the fragrance beads microcapsules with cations, these cations will be firmly adsorbed in the clothing surface." Zeng Jia explained that the microcapsules wrap the essential oil in tiny micro-nano capsules, the capsule material does not react chemically with the essential oil and can serve as a barrier to prevent the fragrance from evaporating quickly or being oxidized. After laundering, the fragrance in the microcapsules can only be slowly released through the pores of the microcapsule shell, thus allowing people to feel that the laundry washed with the fragrance beads can last for a long time, and can even resist the odor of clothes caused by eating hot pot, eating barbecue, sweating from sports and smoking.

　　"With technological progress, the new generation of fragrance beads formula has been adjusted to increase the bacteria, mite, stain dissolving and softening functions, which uses color, white two-color bead structure - color beads soft and fragrant, white beads bacteria, mite, stain dissolving." Zeng Jia said.

　　At the same time, when using the washing machine to wash clothes, because the machine friction intensity is relatively high, or lead to the retention of fragrance beads microcapsules burst, fragrance release, emitting a pleasant fragrance. "Machine washing can maximize the release of the fragrance contained in the fragrance beads, which is the reason why many fragrance beads products are recommended for machine washing. What needs extra attention is that if it is a multi-color laundry mix, it is recommended to add anti-dye tablets first, and then put in the fragrance beads after a period of time, which can prevent the chemical reaction between the two substances." Zeng Jia added.

　　Softener: rely on lubricating protective film to eliminate fabric static electricity

　　Softener is the "big brother" in laundry products. For a long time,  best laundry detergent sheets and softener has been the golden combination, like shampoo and conditioner fixed with. The biggest selling point of the softener is that it can make the clothes soft and not static.

　　"In fact, clothing in the factory will usually be soft treatment, but people use alkaline detergents after washing, destroyed its softness. For this reason, the addition of softener in the wash, can play a fabric soft, fluffy, no static electricity and other effects." Zeng Jia said.

　　She said, the role of softener is similar to the clothing fiber surface evenly coated with a protective film of lubrication, clothing washing its fiber surface adsorbed softener, making its inter-fiber friction coefficient reduced, mobility enhanced, fiber inherent smooth, extension, compression properties can also be restored, and then the clothes will appear soft, fluffy, elastic. At the same time, the softener will also reduce the resistance coefficient of the surface layer of clothing fibers, to prevent the accumulation of charges, thereby reducing the possibility of static electricity, and reduce the adsorption of dust caused by static electricity. The result is that clothing becomes fluffy after washing and rarely absorbs dust.

　　"But it is worth noting that because of the different mechanisms of action of various detergents and softeners, if they are poured into the washing machine together, there may be charge 'fight' phenomenon, so that the effect of washing clothes and softening effect is greatly reduced. Therefore, it is recommended to pour the softener into the washing machine in the softener tank, or in the middle of the wash and then add softener to ensure the softness of the softener effect." Zeng Jia added.

　　Anti-bacteria liquid, anti-bacteria liquid: use various methods to kill bacteria on clothes

　　Shopping malls, buses, hospitals and other public places, bacteria are everywhere. The E. coli residue attached to intimate clothing can not be removed with laundry products alone. Washing machines that are not cleaned for years are a breeding ground for bacteria. Laundry detergent can only play a role in decontamination, can not remove the bacteria hidden in the depths of the clothing, when people realize the need to remove bacteria from clothing, clothing anti-bacterial liquid, bacteria removal liquid products have been introduced.

　　"Ordinary clothing laundry products do not have anti-bacterial function, can only clean the surface of the clothing stains." Zeng Jia introduced the standard name of antibacterial liquid and antibacterial liquid are antibacterial detergent and antimicrobial detergent, which has the function of inhibiting the multiplication of microorganisms on the surface of clothing or contact sterilization, which can reduce the possibility of bacterial cross-infection after use.

　　China has formulated the "antibacterial and antibacterial type detergent" light industry standard, which stipulates that it is formulated from surfactants, washing additives and bactericides or bacteriostatic agents, and needs to have decontamination and antibacterial or bacteriostatic functions. Antibacterial and antibacterial agents use metal ion contact reaction, catalytic activation mechanism, and cation fixation mechanism to achieve the effect of inhibiting bacterial growth and thus killing bacteria.

　　"The germicidal efficacy of the germicidal solution and the bacteriostatic solution is not the same. Germicidal solution requires a bactericidal rate of not less than 90%, while the bactericidal rate of inhibition liquid generally requires not less than 50%." Zeng Jia especially reminded that although there is only a word difference between germicidal solution and germicidal solution, but the germicidal efficacy difference is huge, consumers should be identified when buying to achieve the desired disinfection effect.